I-China iyizwe elikhulu elikhiqiza i-silicon wafer. Ngo-2017, ukuphuma kwe-silicon wafer yaseChina kwakucishe kube yizicucu eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-18.8, okulingana no-87.6GW, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngama-39%, okubalelwa ku-83% wokukhishwa kwe-silicon wafer yomhlaba wonke, okwaphuma kuwo ama-silicone wafers we-monocrystalline. cishe izigidi eziyisi-6. ucezu.
Ngakho-ke yini ekhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-silicon wafer yaseChina, kanye nezinye izici ezifanele ezinethonya zibalwe ngezansi:
1. Inkinga yamandla iphoqa isintu ukuthi sifune enye imithombo yamandla
Ngokohlaziyo lweNhlangano Yezamandla Emhlabeni, ngokusekelwe ezinqolobaneni zamandla ezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi ezifakazelwe njengamanje kanye nesivinini sokumbiwa kwezimayini, impilo esele etholakalayo kawoyela womhlaba wonke iyiminyaka engama-45 kuphela, kanti ukuphila okusele okutholakalayo kwegesi yemvelo yasekhaya iminyaka eyi-15; impilo esele etholakalayo yegesi yemvelo emhlabeni wonke yiminyaka engama-61 Impilo esele yezimayini eShayina yiminyaka engama-30; ukuphila okusele okumba amalahle emhlabeni wonke yiminyaka engama-230, kanti ukuphila okusele okumba eChina iminyaka engama-81; impilo esele yokumbiwa phansi kwe-uranium emhlabeni yiminyaka engama-71, kanti impilo esele yokumbiwa eShayina yiminyaka engama-50. Izinqolobane ezilinganiselwe zamandla ezinsalela zakudala ziphoqa abantu ukuthi basheshise ijubane lokuthola amanye amandla avuselelekayo.
Imithombo yemithombo yamandla eyinhloko yaseShayina ingaphansi kakhulu kwezinga elijwayelekile lomhlaba, futhi isimo sokushintshwa kwamandla avuselelekayo aseShayina sibi kakhulu futhi siyaphuthuma kunamanye amazwe emhlabeni. Izinsiza zamandla elanga ngeke zincishiswe ngenxa yokusetshenziswa futhi azinawo umthelela omubi emvelweni. Ukuthuthukisa ngamandla imboni ye-solar photovoltaic kuyisilinganiso esibalulekile kanye nendlela yokuxazulula ukungqubuzana kwamanje phakathi kokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nokufunwa kweChina kanye nokulungisa isakhiwo samandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukisa ngamandla imboni ye-solar photovoltaic nakho kuyisinqumo samasu ukubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokufeza ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla okusimeme esikhathini esizayo, ngakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
2. Ukubaluleka kokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme
Ukuxhashazwa ngokweqile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ezinsalela kudala ukungcoliswa okukhulu kanye nokulimala kwemvelo okuncike kuyo abantu. Ukukhishwa okukhulu kwe-carbon dioxide kuye kwaholela ekuvuthweni komhlaba wonke, okuye kwabangela ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa kanye nokwenyuka kwamazinga olwandle; ukukhishwa okukhulu kwegesi engcolile ezimbonini kanye nokukhipha umoya wezimoto kuye kwaholela ekuwohlokeni okukhulu kwezinga lomoya kanye nokusabalala kwezifo zokuphefumula. Abantu sebekubonile ukubaluleka kokuvikela imvelo nentuthuko esimeme. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla elanga aye akhathazeka kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa ngenxa yokuvuselelwa kwawo kanye nobungane bemvelo. Ohulumeni bamazwe ahlukahlukene bathatha ngenkuthalo izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene ukuze bakhuthaze futhi bathuthukise imboni yamandla elanga, bakhulise ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, futhi benze ijubane lobuchwepheshe be-solar photovoltaic buthuthuke Ngokuphawulekayo, ukwanda okusheshayo kwesikali sezimboni, ukukhuphuka kwesidingo semakethe, izinzuzo zezomnotho. , izinzuzo zemvelo kanye nezinzuzo zezenhlalo ziya ngokuya ziba sobala.
3. Izinqubomgomo Zikahulumeni Zokugqugquzela
Ethintwe izingcindezi ezimbaxambili zamandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ezinomkhawulo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, amandla avuselelekayo kancane kancane abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlelwa kwesu lamandla emazweni ahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwabo, imboni yokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic iyingxenye ebalulekile yamandla avuselelekayo emazweni ahlukahlukene. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2000, iJalimane yaphasisa " Kusukela kuMthetho Wezamandla Avuselelekayo, ohulumeni bamazwe ahlukahlukene baye bakhipha ngokulandelana uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo zokusekela ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-solar photovoltaic. Lezi zinqubomgomo zokusekela ziye zakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwensimu ye-solar photovoltaic in eminyakeni embalwa edlule futhi uzophinde unikeze amathuba amahle okuthuthukiswa kwensimu ye-solar photovoltaic esikhathini esizayo Uhulumeni waseShayina uphinde wakhipha izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo eziningi, njengokuthi "Imibono Yokusebenzisa Ngokusheshisa Ukufakwa Kwezakhiwo Ze-Solar Photovoltaic", "Izinyathelo Zesikhashana Zokusebenza. Ukuphathwa Kwezimali Zomxhaso Wezezimali Zomklamo Wokuboniswa Kwe-Golden Sun", "Inqubomgomo Yekhomishana Yezokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukisa Izindleko Zokuphakela Ngamandla E-Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation" "Isaziso", "Uhlelo Lweminyaka Eyishumi Nambili Lokuthuthukiswa Kwamandla Elanga", " Uhlelo Lweminyaka Eyishumi Nantathu Lokuthuthukiswa Kwamandla Kagesi", njll. Lezi zinqubomgomo nezinhlelo zikhuthaze ngempumelelo ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yaseShayina yokuphehla ugesi we-photovoltaic.
4. Inzuzo yezindleko yenza imboni yokukhiqiza amaseli elanga idluliselwe ezweni laseChina
Ngenxa yezinzuzo ezisobala zaseShayina ezindlekweni zabasebenzi nasekuhlolweni nasekupakishweni, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yetheminali yamaseli elanga nakho kuya ngokuya kushintshela eChina. Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo ebulalayo ngokuvamile basebenzisa isimiso sokuthenga nokuhlanganisa eduze, futhi bazame ukuthenga izingxenye endaweni. Ngakho-ke, ukufuduka kwemboni yokukhiqiza ezansi nomfula kuzophinde kube nomthelela oqondile ekuhlelweni kwemboni ye-silicon rod kanye ne-wafer. Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamaseli elanga eChina kuzokhuphula isidingo sezinduku namawafer elanga afuywayo, okuzophinde kuqhubekisele phambili ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwayo yonke imboni ye-solar silicon ne-wafers.
5. I-China inezimo zezinsiza ezingcono kakhulu zokuthuthukisa amandla elanga
Ezweni elikhulu laseChina, kunendathane yemithombo yamandla elanga. I-China itholakala enyakatho nenkabazwe, ngebanga elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-5,000 ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu nokusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga. Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zendawo yezwe zinamahora onyaka okukhanya kwelanga angaphezu kwamahora angu-2,200, futhi ingqikithi yemisebe yelanga yonyaka ingaphezu kwama-megajoule angu-5 000 ngemitha-skwele ngayinye. Endaweni enhle, amandla okuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamandla elanga abanzi kakhulu. I-China inothile ngezinsiza ze-silicon, ezinganikeza ukwesekwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe zokuthuthukisa ngamandla imboni ye-solar photovoltaic. Kusetshenziswa ugwadule kanye nendawo entsha yokwakha izindlu ezisanda kufakwa unyaka nonyaka, inani elikhulu lezindawo ezimaceleni kanye nophahla kanye nezindonga zingahlinzekwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izitshalo zamandla elanga e-photovoltaic.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-20-2021
