I-China lilizwe elikhulu lokuvelisa i-silicon wafer. Ngo-2017, imveliso yesilicon wafer yaseTshayina yayimalunga ne-18.8 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni, ilingana ne-87.6GW, ukonyuka konyaka-ngonyaka ngama-39%, kubalelwa malunga ne-83% yemveliso ye-silicon ye-wafer yehlabathi, apho ukuveliswa kwee-monocrystalline silicon wafers kwaba. malunga ne-6 yeebhiliyoni. iqhekeza.
Ke yintoni ekhuthaza uphuhliso lweshishini le-silicon wafer yaseTshayina, kunye nezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo ezinempembelelo zidweliswe ngezantsi:
1. Ingxaki yamandla inyanzelisa uluntu ukuba lukhangele enye imithombo yamandla
Ngokohlalutyo lwe-Arhente yaMandla eHlabathi, ngokusekwe kugcino lwamandla olwenziwa ngoku olungqiniweyo lwangoku kunye nesantya sokumbiwa kwemigodi, ubomi obuseleyo obunokufunyanwa kwi-oyile yehlabathi yiminyaka engama-45 kuphela, kwaye ubomi obushiyekileyo obunokufunyanwa kwirhasi yendalo yasekhaya yiminyaka eli-15; ubomi obushiyekileyo obunokufunyanwa kwirhasi yendalo yehlabathi yiminyaka engama-61 Ubomi obushiyekileyo bemigodi eTshayina yiminyaka engama-30; ubomi obushiyekileyo bokumbiwa kwamalahle ehlabathi yiminyaka engama-230, kwaye ubomi obuseleyo bokumbiwa eTshayina yiminyaka engama-81; ubomi obuseleyo bemigodi yeuranium emhlabeni yiminyaka engama-71, kwaye ubomi obuseleyo bemigodi eTshayina yiminyaka engama-50. Uvimba olinganiselweyo wamandla efosili yemveli unyanzela abantu ukuba bakhawulezise isantya sokufumana amandla anokuphinda ahlaziyeke.
Oovimba bemithombo yamandla engundoqo yaseTshayina bangaphantsi kakhulu kumyinge wehlabathi, kwaye imeko yokutshintshwa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo eTshayina iqatha kwaye ingxamisekile kunamanye amazwe ehlabathi. Imithombo yamandla elanga ayiyi kuncitshiswa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwaye ayinayo impembelelo embi kwindalo. Ukuphuhlisa ngamandla imboni ye-photovoltaic yelanga ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo kunye nendlela yokusombulula ukuphikisana okukhoyo phakathi kokunikezelwa kwamandla e-China kunye nokufunwa kunye nokulungelelanisa isakhiwo samandla. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuphuhlisa ngamandla imboni ye-photovoltaic yelanga kwakhona kukhetho olucwangcisiweyo lokujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokufezekisa uphuhliso lwamandla oluzinzileyo kwixesha elizayo, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu.
2. Ukubaluleka kokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo
Ukuxhatshazwa ngokugqithisileyo nokusetyenziswa kwamandla efosili kubangele ungcoliseko olukhulu nomonakalo kwimo engqongileyo yomhlaba abantu abaxhomekeke kuwo. Ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwekharbon diokside kuye kwakhokelela kwimpembelelo yegreenhouse yehlabathi, nto leyo ebangele ukunyibilika komkhenkce kwincam yencam yomhlaba nokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle; ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwerhasi yenkunkuma yemizi-mveliso kunye nombhobho weenqwelo-mafutha kukhokelele ekuwohlokeni okukhulu komgangatho womoya kunye nokuxhaphaka kwezifo zokuphefumla. Abantu baye bakuqonda ukubaluleka kokukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngelo xesha, amandla elanga axhalabele ngokubanzi kwaye asetyenziswe ngenxa yokuhlaziywa kwawo kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Oorhulumente bamazwe ahlukeneyo bathatha amanyathelo ahlukeneyo ukukhuthaza nokuphuhlisa ishishini lamandla elanga, ukwandisa utyalo-mali kuphando kunye nophuhliso, kunye nokwenza isantya sobuchwephesha be-photovoltaic yelanga Ukuqhubela phambili ngokuphawulekayo, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwesikali soshishino, ukunyuka kweemfuno zemarike, inzuzo yezoqoqosho. , iingenelo zemekobume neengenelo zentlalo ziya zicaca ngakumbi.
3. Imigaqo-nkqubo yenkuthazo kaRhulumente
Ukuchatshazelwa luxinzelelo olubini lwamandla efosili kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, amandla ahlaziyekayo ngokuthe ngcembe abe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso sobuchule samandla kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwabo, imboni yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamandla avuselelekayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Ukususela ngo-Apreli 2000, iJamani yadlulisa " Ukususela kuMthetho waMandla aVuselelwayo, oorhulumente bamazwe ahlukeneyo baye bakhupha ngokulandelelana uluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuxhasa ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwemboni ye-photovoltaic yelanga. Le migaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso iye yakhuthaza ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwentsimi ye-photovoltaic yelanga iminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kwaye iya kubonelela ngamathuba amahle ophuhliso kwintsimi ye-solar photovoltaic kwixesha elizayo Urhulumente waseTshayina uye wakhupha imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezicwangciso ezininzi, ezifana ne "Iimbono zokuPhunyezwa ngokuKhawuleza usetyenziso lweZakhiwo zeSolar Photovoltaic", "Iimilinganiselo yeThutyana". uLawulo lweeNgxowa-mali zeNkxaso-mali yeProjekthi yokuBonisa i-Golden Sun", "uMgaqo-nkqubo weKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlengahlengiso loPhuculo lweSolar Photovoltaic Power Generation Feed-in Tariffs" "Isaziso", "ISicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu soPhuhliso loMbane weSola", " Isicwangciso seminyaka elishumi elinesithathu soPhuhliso lwaMandla oMbane ", njl. Le migaqo-nkqubo kunye nezicwangciso ziye zakhuthaza ngokufanelekileyo uphuhliso lweshishini lokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic yaseChina.
4. Inzuzo yeendleko yenza ukuba ishishini lokuvelisa iiseli zelanga litshintshele kwilizwe laseTshayina
Ngenxa yeenzuzo ezicacileyo zase-China kwiindleko zabasebenzi kunye novavanyo kunye nokupakishwa, ukuveliswa kweemveliso ze-solar cell terminal nazo zitshintshela e-China. Ngenjongo yokunciphisa iindleko, abavelisi beemveliso ze-terminal bamkela umthetho-siseko wokuthenga kunye nokudibanisa kufutshane, kwaye bazame ukuthenga iinxalenye ekuhlaleni. Ke ngoko, imfuduko yeshishini lemveliso esezantsi iya kuba nefuthe elithe ngqo kubume be-midstream ye-silicon yentonga kunye neshishini le-wafer. Ukonyuka kwemveliso yeeseli zelanga zaseTshayina kuya konyusa imfuno yeentonga ze-silicon yasekhaya kunye neewafers, eziya kuthi ke zona ziqhubele phambili uphuhliso olomeleleyo lwentonga ye-silicon yelanga kunye ne-wafers.
5. I-China ineemeko eziphezulu zezibonelelo zokuphuhlisa amandla elanga
Kumhlaba omkhulu waseTshayina, kukho intabalala yobuncwane bamandla elanga. I-China ikumntla we-hemisphere, kunye nomgama ongaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-5,000 ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi kwaye ukusuka empuma ukuya entshona. Isibini kwisithathu sommandla womhlaba weli lizwe sineeyure zonyaka zokukhanya kwelanga ezingaphezu kweeyure ezingama-2 200, yaye isimbuku semitha yelanga yonyaka singaphezu kweemegajoules ezingama-5 000 kwisikwere semitha. Kwindawo elungileyo, amandla ophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla elanga abanzi kakhulu. I-China ityebile kwimithombo ye-silicon, enokubonelela ngenkxaso yezinto ezibonakalayo zokuphuhlisa ngamandla imboni ye-solar photovoltaic. Ukusebenzisa intlango kunye nendawo entsha yokwakhiwa kwezindlu ngonyaka ngamnye, inani elikhulu lomhlaba osecaleni kunye nophahla kunye neendawo zodonga zinokubonelelwa kuphuhliso lwezityalo zamandla elanga ze-photovoltaic.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-20-2021
